Assets are intended to earn returns and in the same line banks’ assets are also assumed to gain profits, however they are not free from various risks. Credit risk, market risk and operational risks loom over these assets and the risk proportion varies. Hence, to identify the precise amount of assets which are exposed to these risks, banks are required to calculate risk adjusted assets (RAA).
Normally, banks’ assets are in the form of cash, investments in government securities, bonds, debentures, loans to corporates / individuals etc. As government securities are backed by government guarantee, the credit risk is assumed to be less compared to debentures, loans to corporates. Thus, risk component varies among asset categories and such risk percentages are derived by approaches viz., standardized approach, internal rating based approach developed by Basel Accord. The standardized approach specifies standard risk weights for various asset categories which are usually implemented by most national regulators. Cash and short term government securities are considered risk free and a 0% risk is assigned while exposure to OECD banks is assumed to have a 20% credit risk, mortgage loans 50% and unsecured commercial loans at 100%. Lately Basel also advised banks to have 150% risk weight for loans to borrowers with low credit ratings.
Continue reading ‘Role of Risk Adjusted Assets in a Bank’s Capital’ »